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Can You 3D Print Waterproof or Watertight Parts?


Upside Parts - 3D print waterproof

When it comes to FDM 3D printing technology, many customers ask whether 3D printed parts can be waterproof or watertight. While these terms are often used interchangeably, there is an important distinction between the two. Waterproof parts are designed to completely resist water penetration, even under prolonged exposure or pressure. Watertight parts, on the other hand, prevent water from passing through but may not withstand high pressure or extended submersion.


Understanding this difference helps set realistic expectations for FDM 3D printed parts. As a professional 3D printing service provider, we would like to share practical insights on how to improve the watertightness of FDM 3D printed parts.


Are 3D Printed Parts Naturally Waterproof or Watertight


FDM 3D printed parts are not naturally waterproof or watertight. The printing process involves depositing layers of material, and even with precise settings, microscopic gaps can form between layers. These gaps may allow water to seep through, especially under pressure.


For example, a watertight part might successfully hold water temporarily, such as in a container for testing, but prolonged exposure or submersion could cause leaks. Achieving true waterproofing is more challenging and typically requires additional post-processing steps or different manufacturing methods.


Additionally, many commonly used FDM materials such as PLA and ABS are not water-resistant and can absorb moisture over time. A common question is, "Can a PLA 3D print be water tight?" While PLA is a popular material for FDM printing, it is not inherently watertight. Adjustments to print settings and post-processing can improve the watertightness of PLA prints, but these parts are generally not suitable for long-term water exposure or true waterproof applications.


It is important to note that while certain adjustments can create a 3D print waterproof, FDM materials still have limitations when compared to other manufacturing technologies.


Strategies to Improve Watertightness


Although FDM 3D prints are not inherently waterproof or watertight, there are techniques that can help improve their performance. Here are some key strategies:


  1. Material Selection


    Choosing the right material is the first step in creating a part that is more watertight. Materials like PETG and certain nylons have lower water absorption rates compared to PLA or ABS. While these materials may produce better results for watertight applications, achieving full waterproofing would still require post-processing. For more information on material properties, check out our detailed comparison of PLA vs PETG vs ABS.


  2. Increasing Wall Thickness


    Increasing the wall thickness of the printed part creates a more substantial barrier to prevent water from seeping through. This can improve the watertightness of the part, although additional steps may still be required to make the part fully watertight.


  3. Layer Height and Print Settings


    Reducing the layer height improves the bond between layers, minimizing the chances of gaps. Additionally, increasing the print temperature slightly enhances layer adhesion, further improving watertightness. These adjustments can help achieve a 3D print watertight enough for specific applications (however, a true 3d print waterproof will still be unlikely achieved).


  4. Post-Processing Techniques


    Post-processing can significantly enhance the watertightness of FDM parts. Applying a sealant such as epoxy to the surface of the print closes any microscopic gaps and provides additional protection against water. This process is often necessary to transition a watertight part into a fully waterproof part. These coatings also help extend the part's lifespan in humid environments, allowing for a more waterproof 3D print when combined with optimized print settings.


The Limitations of FDM 3D Printing for Waterproof and Watertight Applications


While certain adjustments can make FDM parts more watertight, there are limitations to what this technology can achieve. Here are a few key points to keep in mind:


  • Material Absorption


    Even with improved settings, most FDM materials are prone to absorbing water over time. This can affect the structural integrity and performance of the part, particularly for applications requiring true waterproofing.


  • Food Safety Concerns


    Many customers inquire about using FDM parts for kitchen applications. It is important to highlight that FDM materials are generally not food-safe. The small gaps and grooves in 3D prints can harbor bacteria, making them unsuitable for direct food contact.


  • Pressure Resistance


    Watertight parts may perform well under minimal pressure but are not designed for high-pressure applications. True waterproofing for high-pressure or submersion scenarios requires advanced manufacturing techniques beyond FDM printing.


For those who want to define infill and explore how it impacts watertightness and strength, check out our comprehensive guide on how to define infill.


Practical Applications and Considerations


While FDM 3D printing may not be the first choice for fully waterproof parts, it can still be a practical solution for prototypes or non-critical applications. For example, creating temporary enclosures or testing functional designs are all feasible with proper adjustments.


For customers requiring reliable solutions, our team of experts can recommend design modifications and post-processing techniques. Additionally, we advise considering alternative manufacturing methods for projects involving prolonged water exposure or food-safe applications.


The question of whether 3D printed parts are waterproof comes down to their intended use and the adjustments made during the printing process. While FDM parts can be improved to become more watertight, they are not entirely waterproof by nature. Factors like material selection, wall thickness, and post-processing play an important role in enhancing their performance.


If you are working on a project that requires watertight or waterproof properties, our 3D printing service team would be glad to provide guidance and support.

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